![]() The German U-boats in the Atlantic were defeated and the Allied armies in the Mediterranean achieved increasing success, as did Soviet forces on the Eastern Front. ![]() During 1943, however, the Allies achieved a much more favourable strategic position in Europe. ![]() Planning was affected by a lack of forces and equipment, notably landing craft, and by the need to divert resources to campaigns elsewhere, especially in the Mediterranean. Stalin, whose forces were engaging the Germans in the east, pressured the Allies to open a second front in Europe without such detailed preparation, and the Americans and British also had disagreements. It required extensive planning and preparation, a process dogged by political and strategic arguments. Operation Overlord was a complex operation involving the land, sea and air forces of the USA, Britain, Canada and other allies. The campaign was code-named Operation Overlord. This successful action signalled the beginning of the end of the Second World War: it was the first stage in the liberation of western Europe and a major step towards the defeat of Nazi Germany. On 6 June 1944 - D-Day - Allied forces landed on the beaches of Normandy. "Under the command of General Eisenhower, Allied naval forces, supported by strong air forces, began landing Allied armies on the northern coast of France." - First Overlord communiqué, 6 June 1944.
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